{"id":98,"date":"2009-06-30T16:04:10","date_gmt":"2009-06-30T23:04:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/?p=98"},"modified":"2009-07-28T22:40:51","modified_gmt":"2009-07-28T19:40:51","slug":"terorizmle-mucadelede-turkiye%e2%80%99nin-tavri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/?p=98","title":{"rendered":"TER\u00d6R\u0130ZMLE M\u00dcCADELEDE T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019N\u0130N TAVRI"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"turkiye\"<\/a>T\u00fcrkiye, 1970\u2019lerden bu yana ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele etmektedir. On binlerce vatanda\u015f\u0131 da ter\u00f6r kurban\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin m\u00fccadele etti\u011fi ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine maddi destek sa\u011flayan ve propaganda yapmalar\u0131na, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerine g\u00f6z yuman, Bat\u0131\u2019daki demokratik ve \u00e7o\u011fulcu toplumlu \u00fclkeler olmu\u015ftur. Hatta bu \u00f6rg\u00fctler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kom\u015fusu olan baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde \u00fcs bile kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. Yani T\u00fcrkiye, ter\u00f6rizme kar\u015f\u0131 verdi\u011fi m\u00fccadeleyi d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya anlatmada y\u0131llarca bir\u00e7ok zorlukla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerden ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin orada yapt\u0131klar\u0131 faaliyetlerin yasaklanmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de aranan \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyelerinin yakalan\u0131p teslim edilmesi gibi talepleri olumsuz kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun gerek\u00e7eleri olarak \u015funlar g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir: \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, yasaklanma durumunda faaliyetlerin gizli yap\u0131lacak olmas\u0131 sebebiyle izleme ve kontrol edebilmenin zorla\u015fmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de idam cezas\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 ya da ter\u00f6r zanl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele g\u00f6recek olmas\u0131… Bu gibi nedenlerle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ter\u00f6rle ortak m\u00fccadele \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman cevaps\u0131z kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelesinde d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak, PKK b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn lideri olan Abdullah \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kenya \u2013 Nairobi\u2019de, Yunanistan B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi\u2019nde, G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Y\u00f6netimi\u2019nin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi diplomatik pasaport ve sahte isimle yakalanmas\u0131 ve yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 kabul edilebilir. Ancak ter\u00f6r bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke ve T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in h\u00e2len bir tehdittir.<\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de (11 Eyl\u00fcl 2001), \u0130stanbul\u2019da (15 ve 20 Kas\u0131m 2003), Madrid\u2019de (11 Mart 2004), Kuzey Osetya \u2013 Beslan\u2019da (1 Eyl\u00fcl 2004), Londra\u2019da (7 Temmuz 2005) ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ter\u00f6r eylemleri bu yoldaki m\u00fccadelede i\u015f birli\u011finin \u015fart oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

11 Eyl\u00fcl 2001\u2019deki sald\u0131r\u0131lardan sonraki ter\u00f6rist e\u011filimler \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralanabilir:<\/p>\n

\u2014 Ter\u00f6r, daha \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc bir boyut alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitleler bunu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Teknolojiden yararlanan ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri giderek ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Sald\u0131r\u0131larda din\u00ee motifler kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2014 \u0130ntihar sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi faaliyetlerde bulunan su\u00e7 gruplar\u0131yla s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkiler kurmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Dikey otoriter yap\u0131 yerini, hedef etraf\u0131nda daha gev\u015fek yatay \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Kitle imha silahlar\u0131na sahip olmay\u0131 ama\u00e7 edinmi\u015flerdir. B\u00f6ylece verecekleri hasar \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlarda olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Eylemlerine gelir sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yeni yollar bulmu\u015flard\u0131r. Hatta yasal, yar\u0131\u2013yasal y\u00f6ntem ve ara\u00e7lar kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bunlar da ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelede i\u015f birli\u011finin zorunlulu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizmin d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir tehlike oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte \u00f6nlem almak i\u00e7in akademik ya da diplomatik a\u00e7\u0131lardan birtak\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye de ter\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fclkelerin bile\u015ferek m\u00fccadele vermesinin gereklili\u011fini savunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizm \u2013 din ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6ristlerin eylemlerini din\u00ee sebeplere dayand\u0131rarak \u00f6rtmeleri, din ile ter\u00f6rizm aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011flant\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi yanl\u0131\u015f bir izlenim yaratmaktad\u0131r. Ama bu sadece kendilerini maskelemek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 bir yoldur. T\u00fcrkiye, ter\u00f6r\u00fcn sebebi ne olarak g\u00f6sterilirse g\u00f6sterilsin, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilenin bir insanl\u0131k su\u00e7u oldu\u011fu inanc\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, farkl\u0131 inan\u00e7 sistemlerinin uyum ve anlay\u0131\u015f i\u00e7erisinde ortak de\u011ferlere sahip olmalar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7abalamaya devam edecektir.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadelede uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi ve tan\u0131m sorunu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadelede i\u015f birli\u011fi 11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan sonra h\u0131z kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ter\u00f6r\u00fcn sebepleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulursa, bu b\u00f6lgedeki ter\u00f6r\u00fcn azalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi zordur. Bununla birlikte Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelede almas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nlemlerle ilgili kararlar alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca son y\u0131llarda artan ter\u00f6r sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadele faaliyetlerinin g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmesini ve yeni d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkeler ter\u00f6rizme yakla\u015f\u0131rken farkl\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131mlar yapmaktad\u0131rlar. Kimilerine g\u00f6re \u2018\u2018ter\u00f6r eylemi\u2019\u2019 olan bir faaliyet, \u2018\u2018yabanc\u0131 i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele\u2019\u2019 ya da \u2018\u2018kendi kaderini belirleme ama\u00e7l\u0131 me\u015fru m\u00fccadele\u2019\u2019 olarak kabul g\u00f6rmektedir. Bu da ter\u00f6rizmin ortak tan\u0131m\u0131 konusunda uzla\u015fmay\u0131 engeller. Farkl\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131mlar yapan bu devletler i\u00e7in ortak bir ifade olarak \u2018\u2018her t\u00fcr\u00fc ve bi\u00e7imiyle ter\u00f6rizm\u2019\u2019 (terrorism in all its forms and manifestations) kabul edilebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadele ama\u00e7l\u0131 imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikili i\u015f birli\u011fi anla\u015fmalar\u0131nda \u2018\u2018her t\u00fcr\u00fc ve bi\u00e7imiyle ter\u00f6rizm\u2019\u2019 ifadesini kullanmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ter\u00f6rizmin, sebebi ne olursa olsun, hakl\u0131 olamayaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir sebebin ter\u00f6r eylemlerine mazeret olmayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadele alan\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde kaydedilen geli\u015fmeler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizmle ilgili farkl\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015flar olsa da en \u00f6nemli baz\u0131 unsurlar \u00fczerinde ortak bir anlay\u0131\u015f sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. T\u00fcrkiye, y\u0131llarca, ter\u00f6rle ilgili hukuki anlamda \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir. Ancak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu talebi 11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 28 Eyl\u00fcl 2001\u2019de Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi\u2019nin kabul etti\u011fi 1373 say\u0131l\u0131 karar bug\u00fcne kadar at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f en \u00f6nemli ad\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131n\u0131n ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadeledeki tutumu ve sava\u015f\u0131 11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fc do\u011furmu\u015ftur. Fakat PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tav\u0131r daha dikkat \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n

BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi\u2019nin 1373 Say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

BM \u015eart\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 7. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc gere\u011fince kabul edilen 1373 say\u0131l\u0131 karar ter\u00f6r ile organize su\u00e7lar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi de vurgulamaktad\u0131r. Bu karar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u0131llard\u0131r vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ter\u00f6r\u00fcn gelir kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n yok edilmesi, her t\u00fcr ter\u00f6r eyleminin engellenmesi, \u00fclkelerin bu m\u00fccadelede i\u015f birli\u011fi yapmas\u0131, ter\u00f6r eylemlerine kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7lu kapsam\u0131nda yarg\u0131lanmalar\u0131 ve m\u00fclteci stat\u00fcs\u00fcnden yararlanmalar\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi gibi birtak\u0131m hususlardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu kararla birlikte, devletlere de birtak\u0131m g\u00f6rev ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler getirilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar: Ter\u00f6rle ilgisi bulunan ki\u015fi ya da kurulu\u015flara destek vermekten ka\u00e7\u0131nma, ekonomik yard\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131na engel olma, bu ki\u015fi ya da kurulu\u015flar\u0131n mal varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kullanma yetkilerini dondurma…<\/p>\n

Bu kararla birlikte t\u00fcm devletler, BMGK\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 olan Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele Komitesi\u2019ne (CTC) rapor vermeye zorunlu olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu konseye T\u00fcrkiye \u015fimdiye dek be\u015f rapor sunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

BM G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi\u2019nin 1267 Say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

BMGK, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u015eart\u0131 7. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc gere\u011fince 2005\u2019te 1267, 1333, 1390, 1455, 1526, 1671 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar, 2006\u2019da da 1735 say\u0131l\u0131 karar al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. El-Kaide ve Usame Bin Ladin ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 ter\u00f6r\u00fc mali a\u00e7\u0131dan destekleyenlere engel olmak i\u00e7in al\u0131nan bu kararlar do\u011frultusunda faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar Komitesi taraf\u0131ndan, ter\u00f6re destek olanlar\u0131n \u2013ki\u015fi, \u015firket ve kurulu\u015flar- adlar\u0131 yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Al\u0131nan kararlar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u015fu \u015fekildedir: Adlar\u0131 yay\u0131nlanan bu ki\u015fi, \u015firket ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n mal varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ve alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n dondurulmas\u0131, \u00fclkelere giri\u015flerinin ya da \u00fclkelerden ge\u00e7i\u015flerinin \u00f6nlenmesi, m\u00fchimmat al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi… Yay\u0131nlanan listeler Bakanlar Kurulu Kararnameleri olarak da yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ve y\u00f6netmeliklere de eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizmle M\u00fccadele Konusundaki Uluslararas\u0131 Anla\u015fmalar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rle etkili bir \u015fekilde m\u00fccadele edebilmek i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi \u015fartt\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in de \u00f6nce ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerini tan\u0131mlama konusunda devletlerin anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n birbirine yakla\u015fmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Tan\u0131mlama yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri belirlenmeli ve sonra da yarg\u0131lanmalar\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bundan ba\u015fka, BMGK\u2019nin 1373 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131na g\u00f6re u\u00e7ak ka\u00e7\u0131rma, rehin alma gibi ter\u00f6r eylemlerinin yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan 12 s\u00f6zle\u015fme vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

1) 14 Eyl\u00fcl 1963 Tokyo S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: U\u00e7aklarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen eylemler ve i\u015flenen su\u00e7larla ilgilidir. Havac\u0131l\u0131k g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2) 16 Aral\u0131k 1970 Lahey S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: U\u00e7ak ka\u00e7\u0131rma olaylar\u0131n\u0131n engellenmesi ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3) 1971 Montreal S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: Seyir h\u00e2lindeki u\u00e7aklar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 hareketlerin \u00f6nlenmesi amac\u0131yla imzalanan s\u00f6zle\u015fme 26 Ocak 1973\u2019te y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

4) 1971 Uluslararas\u0131 Alanda Korunan Ki\u015filere Kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130\u015flenen Su\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi ve Su\u00e7lular\u0131n Cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: Devlet g\u00f6revlilerine ve diplomatlara yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131larla ilgilidir.<\/p>\n

5) 18 Aral\u0131k 1979 Rehineler S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: New York\u2019ta imzalanan s\u00f6zle\u015fme, rehin alma olaylar\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

6) 3 Mart 1980 N\u00fckleer Maddeler S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: N\u00fckleer maddelerin yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 yollarla ele ge\u00e7irilmesini ve kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in New York ve Viyana\u2019da imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

7) 1971 Sivil Havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n G\u00fcvenli\u011fine Kar\u015f\u0131 Kanunsuz Hareketlerin \u00d6nlenmesi S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ne Ek Protokol: Havaalanlar\u0131nda, \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren eylemlerin engellenmesi amac\u0131yla imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

8 ) 10 Mart 1988 Denizcilik Seyr\u00fcsefer G\u00fcvenli\u011fine Kar\u015f\u0131 Yasa D\u0131\u015f\u0131 Eylemlerin \u00d6nlenmesi S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: Gemilerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ter\u00f6r eylemlerine y\u00f6nelik olan s\u00f6zle\u015fme Roma\u2019da imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

9) 10 Mart 1988 K\u0131ta Sahanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00dczerinde Bulunan Sabit Platformlar\u0131n G\u00fcvenli\u011fine Kar\u015f\u0131 Kanunsuz Eylemlerin \u00d6nlenmesi Protokol\u00fc: Roma\u2019da imzalanan protokol, k\u0131y\u0131larda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ter\u00f6r eylemleriyle ilgilidir.<\/p>\n

10) 1 Mart 1991 Plastik Patlay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n Tespit Edilmesi Amac\u0131yla \u0130\u015faretlenmesi Hakk\u0131nda S\u00f6zle\u015fme: U\u00e7aklara sabotajlar\u0131 engellemek amac\u0131yla kimyasallar\u0131n i\u015faretlenmesini, b\u00f6ylece tespitinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesini ama\u00e7layan s\u00f6zle\u015fme Montreal\u2019de imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

11) 1997 Ter\u00f6rist Bombalamalar\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: Patlay\u0131c\u0131 maddelerin kanunsuz olarak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve insanlara ya da kamu mallar\u0131na zarar vermesini yasaklama amac\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

12) 1999 Ter\u00f6rizmin Finansman\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi Uluslararas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: \u0130mzalayan devletlerin, ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ekonomik destek verilmesini \u00f6nleyecek yasal d\u00fczenlemeler yapmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011funu getirir.<\/p>\n

13) 2005 N\u00fckleer Ter\u00f6rizmin \u00d6nlenmesi S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi: N\u00fckleer madde kullan\u0131lan ter\u00f6r eylemlerinin engellenmesi, su\u00e7lular\u0131n\u0131n yakalanmas\u0131, cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve iadesini gerektiren s\u00f6zle\u015fme, devletler aras\u0131ndaki i\u015f birli\u011finin artmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin s\u00f6z konusu olan bu uluslararas\u0131 12 s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler bulunmaktad\u0131r. 14 Eyl\u00fcl 2005\u2019te imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 N\u00fckleer Ter\u00f6rizmin \u00d6nlenmesi S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00e2len onay s\u00fcrecindedir. Bundan ba\u015fka Avrupa Ter\u00f6rizmle M\u00fccadele S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ve BM S\u0131n\u0131ra\u015fan \u00d6rg\u00fctl\u00fc Su\u00e7la M\u00fccadele S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi vard\u0131r. 28 Mart 2007\u2019de de Su\u00e7tan Kaynaklanan Gelirlerin Aklanmas\u0131, Ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, El Konulmas\u0131, Ele Ge\u00e7irilmesi ve Ter\u00f6rizmin Finansman\u0131 Avrupa Konseyi S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ni imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye, BM Genel Kurulu 6. Komitesi kapsam\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u2018\u2018Kapsaml\u0131 Ter\u00f6rizm S\u00f6zle\u015fme Tasla\u011f\u0131\u2019\u2019 ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda da \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00f6rev almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, BM\u2019nin ter\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin merkezinde yer almas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131na inanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle y\u0131llard\u0131r m\u00fccadele etti\u011fi i\u00e7in ter\u00f6rle uyu\u015fturucu ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, insan ticareti gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7lar\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131 iyi bilmektedir. Bat\u0131\u2019daki \u00fclkelerde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vb. adlar alt\u0131nda bunlar\u0131n tehdide d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilece\u011fi konusunu y\u0131llard\u0131r dile getiren T\u00fcrkiye, yo\u011fun \u00e7abalar\u0131 sonucunda ter\u00f6rle su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri aras\u0131ndaki bu ba\u011f\u0131n kabul g\u00f6rmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

BM Uyu\u015fturucu ve Su\u00e7 Ofisi (UNODC) taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan faaliyetlere etkin olarak kat\u0131lan T\u00fcrkiye, mali yard\u0131m da yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizmin k\u00fcresel bir sorun oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen T\u00fcrkiye, ter\u00f6rizmle m\u00fccadelede kararl\u0131 tutumunu gerek BM\u2019de gerekse di\u011fer forumlarda g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. NATO, Avrupa Konseyi, AG\u0130T, KET ve SECI gibi uluslararas\u0131 ve yerel kurulu\u015flar\u0131n b\u00fcnyesinde yer alan T\u00fcrkiye, ter\u00f6rizmle ilgili bir\u00e7ok belge ve bildirinin kabul\u00fcnde etkin rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik i\u015f birli\u011fi anla\u015fmalar\u0131 ter\u00f6rizme kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fini de i\u00e7ermektedir. 70 \u00fclke ile ikili olarak imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fmalardan ba\u015fka T\u00fcrkiye \u2013 Bulgaristan \u2013 Romanya ve T\u00fcrkiye \u2013 Azerbaycan \u2013 G\u00fcrcistan olmak \u00fczere iki de \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc anla\u015fmas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu anla\u015fmalar \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yetkisi d\u00e2hilinde uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Ter\u00f6rizm, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7lar, uyu\u015fturucu ve psikotrop madde ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla m\u00fccadele bu kapsama girmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca bu anla\u015fmalar polis e\u011fitimi konusunda da i\u015f birli\u011fi sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, ter\u00f6r su\u00e7lusu olan T.C. vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel bilgilerini edinme konusunda s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden BM s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri gere\u011fince adi su\u00e7tan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi gereken ter\u00f6r su\u00e7lar\u0131nda kimlik bilgilerinin korunmas\u0131 ilkesinin ge\u00e7ersiz olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcr faaliyetleri engellemek ad\u0131na, 11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019den sonra ABD ve AB Ter\u00f6rist \u00d6rg\u00fctler ve Ki\u015filer Listeleri d\u00fczenlemi\u015flerdir ve bunlar\u0131 belirli aral\u0131klarla g\u00fcncellemektedirler.<\/p>\n

AB listesinde yer alan T\u00fcrkiye kaynakl\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri \u015funlard\u0131r: PKK\/KADEK\/KONGRA-GEL, DHKP\/C ve \u0130BDA-C.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Dayan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n Sa\u011flanmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Avustralya, Kanada, Bulgaristan, Japonya, Kazakistan ve ABD\u2019de yabanc\u0131 ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctleri listesinde yer alan \u00f6rg\u00fct, 1993\u2019ten beri Fransa\u2019da, Mart 2001\u2019den beri de \u0130ngiltere\u2019de yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u2018\u2018K\u00fcresel Ter\u00f6rizm \u00c7e\u015fitleri\u2019\u2019 konulu y\u0131ll\u0131k raporunda on y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcredir \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn ter\u00f6rist niteli\u011fi belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

PKK, KADEK ve KONGRA-GEL adlar\u0131yla birlikte 2 Nisan 2004 tarihinden itibaren AB \u2018\u2018Ter\u00f6r \u00d6rg\u00fctleri ve Kurulu\u015flar\u0131 Listesi\u2019\u2019ne eklenmi\u015ftir. PKK ad\u0131na baz\u0131 silahl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fcstlenen TAK (K\u00fcrdistan \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck \u015eahinleri) da 28 Haziran 2007\u2019den bu yana AB\u2019nin ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en listesine girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklar\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131p onlar\u0131n beyinlerini y\u0131kayan ve kamplarda e\u011fiten PKK, Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers adl\u0131 sivil toplum kurulu\u015funun \u2018\u2018\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n Asker Olarak Kullan\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131n Durdurulmas\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi\u2019\u2019 adl\u0131 raporunda da yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

11 Eyl\u00fcl sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan sonra ter\u00f6rizme kar\u015f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 alanda i\u015f birli\u011fi sa\u011flama \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. BMGK\u2019nin 1373 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda da ter\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede yap\u0131lacaklar, yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenler a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye bundan sonra, bu geli\u015fmelerle beraber, muhatab\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerden PKK\/KADEK\/KONGRA-GEL\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 gereken kararl\u0131 tutumun tak\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc art\u0131k ter\u00f6ristle \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ay\u0131rt edilemedi\u011fi zamanlar geride kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn Amerika\u2019n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f siyasette alaca\u011f\u0131 tav\u0131r d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ter\u00f6rizmle olan m\u00fccadelesine yeni ve farkl\u0131 bir y\u00f6n verecektir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccedelede \u0130zledi\u011fi Stratejiler<\/strong><\/p>\n

1980\u2019li y\u0131llardan sonra T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6zellikle PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcyle \u00e7etin m\u00fccadeleler i\u00e7erisine girmi\u015ftir. Bu m\u00fccadelelerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 asker\u00ee m\u00fcdahaleler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. K\u0131sa vadeli m\u00fccadeleler bug\u00fcne kadar ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamam\u0131\u015f ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelede bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada yeni \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131na girilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye bu m\u00fccadelede meselenin arka plan\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmezden gelmi\u015ftir. Fakat yine de bu meselenin \u00e7\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yap\u0131lan faaliyetlerde g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilemez.<\/p>\n

\u201cTer\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin faaliyetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri ile di\u011fer kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen m\u00fccadelede izlenen stratejiler \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetlenebilir:<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele ve Harekat Dairesi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00d6zel Harekat Dairesi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelede g\u00f6revli personelin e\u011fitimine \u00f6nem ve \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri personel, ara\u00e7, gere\u00e7 ve te\u00e7hizat y\u00f6n\u00fcnden s\u00fcrekli olarak g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmekte; kurumlar aras\u0131 ve birim i\u00e7i i\u015fbirli\u011fi geli\u015ftirilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizmin nedenini olu\u015fturan ekonomik, sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, siyasi, psikolojik sorunlar\u0131n s\u00fcratle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in projeler haz\u0131rlanarak hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6lgesel Ekonomik Kalk\u0131nd\u0131rma Projesi, GAP projesi, K\u00f6y-Kent projesi bunlara baz\u0131 \u00f6rneklerdir.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelede en \u00f6nemli unsurlardan biri olan halk\u0131n deste\u011finin kazan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in, huzur toplant\u0131lar\u0131, konferans, seminer, sempozyum, paneller d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve radyo-TV programlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelede olay\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bir g\u00fcvenlik sorunu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan hareketle di\u011fer kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131na konferans ve seminerler verilmi\u015f ve ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadelede i\u015fbirli\u011fi ve i\u015fb\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin inan\u00e7lar\u0131 ve ideolojilerinin anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in \u00fcniversitelerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi sa\u011flanarak, say\u0131s\u0131z sempozyum ve paneller d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Elaz\u0131\u011f F\u0131rat \u00dcniversitesi ve \u0130l Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 2000 ve 2001 y\u0131llar\u0131nda d\u00fczenlemi\u015f oldu\u011fu sempozyumlar buna en iyi \u00f6rnektir. Bunun yan\u0131nda \u00fcniversitelerimizde y\u00fcksek lisans ve doktora yapan bir \u00e7ok \u00f6\u011frenci, tezlerini ter\u00f6rizmin de\u011fi\u015fik boyutlar\u0131 \u00fczerine yapmalar\u0131 konusunda te\u015fvik edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6r su\u00e7lar\u0131 ile zaman\u0131nda ve etkin bir \u015fekilde m\u00fccadele edebilmek amac\u0131yla, 3713 say\u0131l\u0131 Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele Kanunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadeledeki en \u00f6nemli unsurlardan biri olan istihbarat hizmetlerinin \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f, etkin ve verimli bir yap\u0131ya kavu\u015fturulabilmesi i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim \u00fclkemiz, bir\u00e7ok intihar sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 eylemine te\u015febb\u00fcs eden eylemciyi bombay\u0131 hen\u00fcz patlatmadan yakalamay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f\u00a0 ender \u00fclkelerden biridir.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal \u015fikayetleri ve davalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ebilmek i\u00e7in 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele ve Harekat Dairesi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcnyesinde \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 \u015eube M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kurularak faaliyete ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f ve personelin e\u011fitimine \u00f6nem verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rle ilgili ger\u00e7ek ve do\u011fru bilgilerin kamuoyuna aktar\u0131labilmesi amac\u0131yla Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00fcnyesinde bas\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin eleman kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gen\u00e7li\u011fi bilin\u00e7lendirmek amac\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanan kitap, kitap\u00e7\u0131k, bro\u015f\u00fcr ve afi\u015fler d\u00fczenlenen konferans ve seminerlerde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda uzmanlar\u0131n kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 radyo ve televizyon programlar\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerince kand\u0131r\u0131lan insanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 topluma yeniden kazand\u0131rabilmek amac\u0131yla, kamuoyunda Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k Yasas\u0131 olarak bilinen Baz\u0131 Su\u00e7 Failleri Hakk\u0131nda Uygulanacak H\u00fck\u00fcmlere Dair Kanun 7 kez y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulmu\u015f ve son olarak da \u201cTopluma Kazand\u0131rma Kanunu\u201d \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ter\u00f6rizm Kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda H\u00fck\u00fcmetin Tutumu<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti h\u00fck\u00fcmeti di\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcmetler gibi ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele konusunda tutumlu tavr\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Ordunun kararl\u0131 tavr\u0131 ve m\u00fccadelesi h\u00fck\u00fcmetin tavr\u0131ndaki en \u00f6nemli olguyu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Fakat T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ana muhalefet partisinin de h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele konusunda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ele\u015ftiriler sertli\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmetin bu konuda siyasi iradesinin yetersiz olu\u015funu ele\u015ftiren ana muhalefet DTP\u2019nin de mecliste bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 teslimiyet\u00e7i bir \u00e7izgi \u00e7izmesini hatal\u0131 bulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yararlan\u0131lan Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. http:\/\/www.radikal.com.tr\/haber.php?haberno=38958<\/li>\n
  2. http:\/\/www.turksam.org\/tr\/yazdir1589.html<\/li>\n
  3. http:\/\/www.cnnturk.com\/2007\/turkiye\/10\/08\/terorle.mucadelede.siyasi.irade.yok\/396590.0\/index.html<\/li>\n
  4. A.Selim Aky\u0131ld\u0131z (1. S\u0131n\u0131f Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc, Tem\u00fch Ba\u015fkan\u0131); D\u00fcnyadaki Yeni Geli\u015fmeler Perspektifinde Ter\u00f6r ve Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele, http:\/\/www.mehmetcik.gen.tr\/haber.php?haber_id=3526<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    T\u00fcrkiye, 1970\u2019lerden bu yana ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele etmektedir. On binlerce vatanda\u015f\u0131 da ter\u00f6r kurban\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin m\u00fccadele etti\u011fi ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine maddi destek sa\u011flayan ve propaganda yapmalar\u0131na, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerine g\u00f6z yuman, Bat\u0131\u2019daki demokratik… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-doktorluq-isi"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=98"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=98"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=98"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shahidov.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=98"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}